You can borrow short, buy A and hedge it perfectly, loan A as a repo trade to get more money, and even if A goes down, you still gain. In other words, the perfect hedge is part of other trades. The perfect hedge is a risk-free portfolio and parts of the portfolio are being used in other trades as collateral, as loans, as repo, etc. I mean I'm not an expert, but banks are going to make money and borrowing short to lend long is their key business model and perfect matched-book hedging helps them in ways the link you cited does not go into. The cornell link I cited goes on to add things like dividends which also can make you money on a perfect hedge even if tge stock goes down. Your portfolio value may stay tge same because you've hedged it perfectly, but you are also getting a dividend payment so you gain there. --- Casapaz: My counsel: you could follow some economics MOOCS such as Economics of Money and Banking or Advanced Microeconomics for the Critical Mind, or otherwise educate yourself in the criticisms of the type of mainstream economic thinking you seem to keep falling back on in our arguments. Consider checking out my claim that mainstream economics is normative: utility theory tells you to reduce your preferences to real numbers, and therefore constrains your preferences such that you must follow mathematical axioms of transitivity. The thus-constrained continuous, twice-differentiable, and quasi-concave utility function is then used as the starting point for mathematical proofs that conclude markets allocate most efficiently and only the private sector can create capital. We must not create money in the public sector, mainstream economics tells us, because inflation is a natural mathematical necessity. But our preferences are not reducible to real numbers. I'm a Democrat; but I'm happy Trump beat Hillary. My preferences are not transitive. And neither are the preferences of financial companies since they make money by hedging, which is choosing A over B and B over A simultaneously, which makes them money, but which is a preference behavior forbidden by the axioms that are required to prove markets discover prices most efficiently. On a vast scale, players in markets violate the axioms used to justify their existence and their exclusive right to create money at will. If market pricing is arbitrary, then we can create money without fearing inflation because we can arbitrarily guarantee a certain minimum purchasing power, and to maintain everyone else's purchasing power, through money creation. Again, my advice for a basic-income-time pursuit for you: check out some of my sources for yourself or find your own sources to see if I'm not right?